254XP/257/262XP
Operator´s manual
Please read these instructions carefully and make
sure you understand them before using the saw.
101 88 43-26
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KEY TO SYMBOLS
Symbols on the chain saw:
CAUTION! Chain saws can be dangerous!
Careless or incorrect use can result in
serious or fatal injury to the operator or
others.
Please read the instructions carefully and
make sure you understand them before
using the saw.
Always wear:
• Approved protective helmet
• Approved hearing protection
• Protective glasses or visor
Symbols in the operator’s manual:
Switch off the engine by moving the stop
switch to the STOP position before carrying
out any checks or maintenance.
Always wear approved protective gloves.
Regular cleaning is required.
Visual check.
Protective glasses or a visor must be worn.
2– English
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CONTENTS
Before using a new saw
Contents
• Read the instructions carefully.
• Check cutting equipment is correctly fitted and adjusted. See
page 25.
Key to symbols ..........................................2
Safety instructions
Personal protective equipment ........................ 4
• Refuel and start the saw. Check the carburettor settings.
See pages 26-29.
• Do not use the saw until sufficient chain oil has reached the
chain, see page 14.
Chain saw safety equipment ........................... 4
Inspecting, maintaining and servicing chain saw safety
equipment............................................................................ 8
IMPORTANT! If the carburettor mixture is too lean it greatly
increases the risk of engine failure.
Poor maintenance of the air filter will cause carbon build-up on
the spark plug and lead to difficult starting.
If the chain is badly adjusted it will cause increased wear or
damage to the bar, drive sprocket and chain.
Cutting equipment ..........................................10
How to avoid kickback ....................................16
General safety precautions.............................18
General working instructions ......................... 19
What is what?
What is what? .................................................................... 24
Assembly
Under no circumstances should you modify
the original design of the chain saw without
approval from the manufacturer. Always use
genuine spare parts. Unauthorized
modifications or accessories may lead to
serious injury or death.
Mounting guide bar and chain ........................................... 25
!
Fuel handling
Fuelmix .............................................................................. 26
Fuelling .............................................................................. 27
Start and stop
Start and stop .................................................................... 28
A chain saw is a dangerous tool if used
carelessly or incorrectly and can cause
serious, even fatal injuries. It is very important
that you read and understand these
instructions.
Maintenance
Carburettor ........................................................................ 29
Starter device .................................................................... 30
Air filter .............................................................................. 31
Spark plug ......................................................................... 31
Muffler................................................................................ 31
Adjustment of the oil pump ................................................ 31
Needle bearing maintenance ............................................ 31
Cooling system .................................................................. 32
Centrifugal cleaning ”Air Injection” .................................... 32
Heated handles ................................................................. 32
Winter use ......................................................................... 32
Daily maintenance ............................................................. 33
Weekly maintenance ......................................................... 33
Monthly maintenance ........................................................ 33
!
Technical data
254XP................................................................................ 34
257 .................................................................................... 34
262XP................................................................................ 35
English – 3
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
CHAIN SAW SAFETY EQUIPMENT
This section explains the various safety features of the saw,
how they work, and basic inspection and maintenance you
should carry out to ensure safe operation. (See the ”What is
what?” section to find out where these components are on Your
saw).
MOST CHAIN SAW ACCIDENTS HAPPEN
WHEN THE CHAIN TOUCHES THE OPERA-
TOR. You must wear approved protective
equipment whenever you use a chain saw.
Personal protective equipment cannot
eliminate the risk of injury but it will reduce
the degree of injury if an accident does
happen. Ask your chain saw dealer for help
in choosing the right equipment.
!
NEVER USE A CHAIN SAW THAT HAS
FAULTY SAFETY EQUIPMENT! Carry out the
inspection, maintenance and service routines
listed in this section.
!
Long or continuous exposure to high noise
levels may cause permanent hearing
impairment. Always wear approved hearing
1
2
Chain brake and front
hand guard
!
protection when operating a chain saw.
• PROTECTIVE HELMET
• HEARING PROTECTION
• PROTECTIVE GLASSES
OR VISOR
Throttle lock
• GLOVES WITH
SAW PROTECTION
3
Chain catcher
4
5
6
7
8
Right hand guard
Vibration damping system
Stop switch
• PROTECTIVE TROUSERS
WITH SAW PROTECTION
• BOOTS WITH SAW
PROTECTION, STEEL
TOE-CAP AND NON-SLIP
SOLE
Generally clothes should be
close-fitting without restricting
your freedom of movement.
Muffler
• ALWAYS HAVE A FIRST
AID KIT NEARBY
Cutting equipment (see
”Cutting equipment”
section).
4– English
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
2
The front hand guard is
not designed solely to
1 Chain brake and front hand guard
YOUR chain saw is equipped with a chain brake that is desig-
ned to stop the chain immediately if you get a kickback.
The chain brake reduces the risk of accidents, but only You can
prevent them.
activate the chain brake.
Another important safety
feature is that it prevents
the chain from hitting your
left hand if you lose your
grip on the front handle.
Take care when using your
saw and make sure the
kickback zone of the bar
never touches any object.
3
You can also use the
chain brake as a
1
The chain brake (A) can
either be activated
manually (by your left
hand) or automatically by
the inertia release
mechanism (a free-
swinging pendulum). On
most of our models the
front hand guard acts as a
counterweight in case of
kickback.
temporary brake when you
change position or if you
put the saw down for a
short time. You should
also apply the chain brake
manually if there is a risk
of the chain accidentally
hitting anyone or anything
close by.
B
A
B
The brake is applied
when the front hand
guard (B) is pushed
forwards.
B
4
To release the chain brake
pull the front hand guard
backwards, towards the
front handle.
This movement activates
a spring-loaded
mechanism that tightens
the Brake Band (C)
around the engine drive
system (D) (Clutch Drum).
C
D
5
As mentioned in section A,
kickback can be very
sudden and violent.
Most kickbacks are
minor and do not always
activate the chain brake.
If this happens you
should hold the chain
saw firmly and not let
go.
English – 5
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
6
The way the chain brake is triggered, either manually or
2 Throttle lock
automatically, depends on the force of the kickback and the
position of the chain saw in relation to the object that the
kickback zone of the bar strikes.
The throttle lock is designed
to prevent accidental opera-
tion of the throttle control.
When you press the lock (A)
(i.e. when you grasp the
handle) it releases the throttle
trigger (B).
A
If you get a violent
kickback while the
kickback zone of the bar
is farthest away from you
the chain brake will be
activated by the
movement of the
counterweight (INERTIA
ACTIVATED).
When you release the handle
the throttle trigger and the
throttle lock both move back
to their original positions. This
movement is controlled by two
independent return springs.
This arrangement means that
the throttle control is
B
automatically locked at the
idle setting when you release
the handle.
3 Chain catcher
The chain catcher is designed
to catch the chain if it snaps or
jumps off. This should not
happen if the chain is properly
tensioned (see section on
”Assembly”) and if the bar and
chain are properly serviced
and maintained.
If the kickback is less
violent or the kickback
zone of the bar is closer
to you the chain brake will
be activated manually by
the movement of your left
hand.
(See section on ”General
working instructions”).
4 Right hand guard
Apart from protecting your
hand if the chain jumps or
snaps, the right hand guard
stops branches and twigs
from interfering with your grip
on the rear handle.
7
During felling your left
hand grasps the front
handle in such a way that
it cannot activate the front
hand guard. In this
position the chain brake
can only be activated by
the inertia action of the
counterweight.
The inertia activated
chain brake increases
your safety but there are
certain factors to
remember (see point 6
above).
6– English
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
6 Stop switch
Use the stop switch to switch
off the engine.
5 Vibration damping system
Your chain saw is equipped
with a vibration damping
system that is designed to
minimise vibrations and make
operation easier.
When you use a chain saw
vibrations are generated by
the uneven contact between
the chain and the wood you
are cutting.
Cutting hardwoods (most
broadleaf trees) creates more
vibration than cutting
softwoods (most conifers).
Cutting with a chain that is
blunt or faulty (wrong type or
badly sharpened, see section
D) will increase the vibration
level.
7 Muffler
The muffler is designed to keep noise levels to a minimum and
to direct exhaust fumes away from the user.
The exhaust fumes from the engine are hot
and may contain sparks which can start a fire.
Never start the saw indoors or near
The vibration damping system
reduces the vibrations
!
transmitted from the engine
and chain to the handles of
the chain saw. The body of
the saw, including the cutting
equipment, is insulated from
the handles by vibration
damping units.
combustible material!
In countries with a hot climate
there is a high risk of forest
fires. Our chain saws are
therefore fitted with a SPARK
ARRESTOR MESH.
Check whether your saw is
fitted with such a mesh.
Overexposure to vibration can lead to
circulatory damage or nerve damage in people
who have impaired circulation.
!
Contact your doctor if you experience
symptoms of overexposure to vibration.
These symptoms include numbness, loss of
feeling, tingling, pricking, pain, loss of
strength, changes in skin colour or condition.
These symptoms normally appear in the
fingers, hands or wrists.
With this type of muffler it is
very important that you follow
the instructions on checking,
maintaining and servicing your
saw (see the section on
”Inspecting, maintaining and
servicing chain saw safety
equipment”).
The muffler gets very hot in use and remains
so for a short time afterwards. DO NOT
TOUCH THE MUFFLER IF IT IS HOT!
!
English – 7
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
3
Checking the automatic brake
Inspecting, maintaining and servicing
chain saw safety equipment
SPECIAL TRAINING IS REQUIRED to service
and repair chain saws. This is especially true
of chain saw safety equipment. If your chain
saw fails any of the checks described below
take it to your SERVICE AGENT.
When you buy any of our products we
guarantee the availability of professional
repairs and service. If the retailer who sells
your saw is not a SERVICING DEALER, ask
him for the address of your nearest SERVICE
AGENT.
Hold the chain saw over a
stump or other firm object.
Let go of the front handle
so that the bar falls onto
the stump.
!
1 Chain brake and front hand guard
When the bar hits the
stump the brake should
be applied.
1
Checking brake band wear
Brush off any sawdust,
resin and dirt from the
chain brake and clutch
drum. Dirt and wear can
impair operation of the
brake.
4
Checking the brake trigger
Start the chain saw and
place it on firm ground.
Make sure the chain does
not touch the ground or
any other object.
Regularly check that the
brake band is at least 0.6
mm thick at its thinnest
point.
2
Checking the front hand guard
Grasp the saw firmly,
wrapping your fingers and
thumbs around the
handles.
A Make sure the
FRONT HAND GUARD
is not damaged and
that there are no visible
defects such as cracks.
Apply full throttle and
activate the chain brake
by tilting your wrist
forward onto the front
hand guard. Do not let go
of the front handle.
The chain should stop
immediately.
B Move the front hand
guard forwards and
back to make sure it
runs freely and that it is
securely anchored to
the clutch cover.
8– English
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
2 Throttle lock
4 Right hand guard
1
Make sure the throttle
control is locked at the
idle setting when you
release the throttle lock.
Check that the right hand
guard is not damaged and
that there are no visible
defects, such as cracks.
2
Press the throttle lock and
make sure it returns to its
original position when you
release it.
5 Vibration damping system
Regularly check the
vibration damping units
for cracks or deformation
3
Check that the throttle
control and throttle lock
move freely and that the
return springs work
properly.
Make sure the vibration
damping units are
securely attached to the
engine unit and handles.
4
Start the saw and apply
full throttle. Release the
throttle control and check
that the chain stops and
remains stationary. If the
chain rotates when the
throttle is on idle setting
you should check the
carburettor idle
6 Stop switch
adjustment. See the
section on ”Maintenance”.
Start the engine and
make sure the engine
stops when you move the
stop switch to the stop
setting.
3 Chain catcher
Check that the CHAIN
CATCHER is not
damaged and is firmly
attached to the body of
the saw.
English – 9
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
7 Muffler
CUTTING EQUIPMENT
Never use a chain saw
This section describes how to choose and maintain your cutting
equipment in order to:
that has a faulty muffler.
• Reduce the risk of kickback.
• Reduce the risk of the chain breaking or jumping.
• Obtain maximum cutting performance.
• Extend the life of cutting equipment.
The 5 basic rules
1
Only use cutting
equipment
recommended by us!
See the ”Technical data”
section.
Regularly check that the
muffler is securely
attached to the chain saw.
2
Keep the chain cutting
teeth properly
If the muffler on your saw
is fitted with a spark
arrestor mesh this must
be cleaned regularly. A
blocked mesh will cause
the engine to overheat
and may lead to serious
damage.
sharpened! Follow our
instructions and use the
recommended file
gauge. A damaged or
badly sharpened chain
increases the risk of
accidents.
Never use a muffler if
the spark arrestor mesh
is missing or defective.
3
Maintain the correct
raker clearance! Follow
our instructions and
use the recommended
raker gauge. Too large a
clearance increases the
risk of kickback.
NEVER USE A CHAIN SAW WITH FAULTY
SAFETY EQUIPMENT. CARRY OUT THE
CHECKS AND MAINTENANCE MEASURES
DESCRIBED IN THIS SECTION. IF YOUR
CHAIN SAW FAILS ANY OF THESE CHECKS
CONTACT YOUR SERVICE AGENT TO GET IT
REPAIRED.
!
4
Keep the chain properly
tesioned! If the chain is
slack it is more likely to
jump off and lead to
increased wear on the
bar, chain and drive
sprocket.
5
Keep cutting equipment
well lubricated and
properly maintained!
A poorly lubricated chain
is more likely to break and
lead to increased wear on
the bar, chain and drive
sprocket.
10– English
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
C
Some terms that describe the bar and chain
1 Cutting equipment designed to minimise
When the cutting equipment supplied with your saw becomes
worn or damaged you will need to replace it. Use only the type
of bar and chain recommended by us. See the ”Technical data”
section to find out which equipment is recommended for your
saw.
kickback
Faulty cutting equipment or the wrong
combination of bar and chain increases the
risk of kickback. Use only the bar and chain
combinations recommended in the ”Technical
data” section.
!
Bar
The only way to avoid kickback is to make sure that the kick-
back zone of the bar never touches anything.
• LENGTH (inches/cm)
By using cutting equipment with “built-in” kickback protection
and keeping the chain sharp and well-maintained you can
reduce the effects of kickback.
• NUMBER OF TEETH ON
BAR TIP SPROCKET (T).
Small number = small tip
radius = low-kickback
A Bar
The smaller the tip radius the
smaller the kickback zone and
the lower the chance of
kickback.
• CHAIN PITCH (inches)
The spacing between the
drive links of the chain must
match the spacing of the
teeth on the bar tip sprocket
and drive sprocket.
• NUMBER OF DRIVE LINKS
The number of drive links is
determined by the length of
the bar, the chain pitch and
the number of teeth on the
bar tip sprocket.
B Saw chain
A saw chain is made up of a number of links, which are
available in standard and low-kickback versions.
None
Standard Low-kickback
• BAR GROOVE WIDTH
(inches/mm)
The groove in the bar must
match the width of the chain
drive links.
CUTTING LINK
DRIVE LINK
• SAW CHAIN OIL HOLE
AND HOLE FOR CHAIN
TENSIONER
The bar must be matched to
the chain saw design.
SIDE LINK
Saw chain
Combining these links in different ways gives different degrees
of kickback reduction. In terms of kickback reduction alone, four
different types of link are available.
• SAW CHAIN PITCH
(inches)
Spacing between drive
links.
Kickback reduction
LOW
Cutting link
Drive link
Side link
• DRIVE LINK WIDTH (mm/
inches)
• NUMBER OF DRIVE LINKS
STANDARD
HIGH
• LEVEL OF KICKBACK
REDUCTION
The level of kickback
reduction offered by a chain
is indicated by its model
number.
See the ”Technical data”
section to find the model
numbers of chains that are
recommended for use with
your saw.
EXTRA HIGH
English – 11
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
It is very difficult to sharpen a
chain correctly without the
right equipment. We
2 Sharpening your chain and adjusting
raker clearance
recommend you use a file
gauge. This will help you
obtain the maximum kickback
reduction and cutting
The risk of kickback is increased with a badly
sharpened chain!
!
performance from your chain.
A General information on sharpening cutting teeth
• Never use a blunt chain. When the chain is blunt you have to
exert more pressure to force the bar through the wood and
the cuttings will be very small. If the chain is very blunt it will
not produce any cuttings at all, just wood powder.
The following faults will increase the risk of
kickback considerably.
!
• A sharp chain eats its way
through the wood and
produces long, thick
cuttings.
•
•
•
FILE ANGLE TOO
LARGE
CUTTING ANGLE
TOO SMALL
A
• The cutting part of the chain
is called the CUTTING LINK
and this consists of a
FILE DIAMETER
TOO SMALL
B
CUTTING TOOTH (A) and
the RAKER LIP (B). The
cutting depth is determined
by the difference in height
between the two.
B
Sharpening cutting
teeth
• When you sharpen a cutting tooth there are five important
factors to remember.
To sharpen cutting teeth you
will need a ROUND FILE and
a FILE GAUGE. See the
”Technical data” section for
information on the size of file
and gauge that are
FILING ANGLE
recommended for your saw
chain.
1
2
Check that the chain is
correctly tensioned. A
slack chain is difficult to
sharpen correctly.
CUTTING ANGLE
FILE POSITION
Always file cutting teeth
from the inside face,
reducing the pressure on
the return stroke.
min 4 mm
(0,16")
ROUND FILE DIAMETER
File all the teeth on one
side first, then turn the
saw over and file the
teeth on the other side.
FILE DEPTH
3
File all the teeth to the
same length. When the
length of the cutting teeth
is reduced to 4 mm
(0,16") the chain is worn
out and should be
1
5
See the ”Technical data” section for information about
sharpening your saw chain.
replaced.
12– English
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
D Setting the raker clearance
C General advice on setting raker clearance
• When you sharpen the
cutting teeth you reduce the
RAKER CLEARANCE
(cutting depth). To maintain
cutting performance you
must file back the raker
teeth to the recommended
height.
• Before setting the raker clearance the cutting teeth should be
newly sharpened.
We recommend that you adjust the raker clearance every
third time you sharpen the chain. NOTE! This
recommendation assumes that the length of the cutting teeth
is not reduced excessively.
See the ”Technical data”
section to find the raker
clearance for your saw
chain.
• To adjust the raker
clearance you will need a
FLAT FILE and a RAKER
GAUGE.
• On a low-kickback cutting
link the front edge of the
raker lip is rounded. It is
very important that you
maintain this radius or bevel
when you adjust the raker
clearance.
• Place the gauge over the
raker lip.
• Place the file over the part
of the lip that protrudes
through the gauge and file
off the excess. The
clearance is correct when
you no longer feel any
resistance as you draw the
file over the gauge.
• We recommend the use of a
raker gauge to achieve the
correct clearance and bevel
on the raker lip.
The risk of kickback is increased if the raker
clearance is too large!
3 Tensioning the chain
!
A slack chain may jump off and cause serious
or even fatal injury.
!
• The more you use a chain the longer it becomes. It is
therefore important to adjust the chain regularly to take up the
slack.
• Check the chain tension every time you refuel.
NOTE! A new saw chain has a running-in period during which
you should check the tension more frequently.
• Tension the chain as tightly
as possible, but not so tight
that you cannot pull it round
freely by hand.
English – 13
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
4 Lubricating cutting equipment
Poor lubrication of cutting equipment may
cause the chain to snap and lead to serious,
even fatal injuries.
1
2
Undo the bar nuts that
hold the clutch cover and
chain brake, using the
combination spanner.
Then tighten the nuts by
hand as tight as you can.
!
!
Prolonged inhalation of exhaust gases from
the engine, chain lubrication oil mist and/or
saw dust can be unhealthy.
Raise the tip of the bar
and stretch the chain by
tightening the chain
tensioning screw using
the combination spanner.
Tighten the chain until it
hangs slack on the
A
Chain oil
• Chainsaw chain oil must demonstrate good adhesion to the
chain and also maintain its flow caracteristics regardless of
whether it is warm summer or cold winter weather.
• As a chainsaw manufacturer we have developed an optimal
chain oil which, with its vegetable oil base, is also
biodegradable. We recommend the use of our own oil for
both maximum chain life and to minimise environmental
damage.
underside of the bar.
3
Use the combination
spanner to tighten the bar
nuts while lifting the tip of
the bar at the same time.
Check that you can pull
the chain round freely by
hand and that it is not
slack on the bottom of the
bar.
• If our own chain oil is not available, standard chain oil is
recommended.
• In areas where oil specifically for lubrication of saw chains is
unavailable, ordinary EP 90 transmission oil may be used.
• Never use waste oil!
This is dangerous for yourself, the saw and the environment.
The position of the chain tensioning screw varies from
model to model. See the” What is what” section to find out
where it is on your saw.
B
Filling with chain oil
• All our chain saws have an
automatic chain lubrication
system. On some models
the oil flow is also
adjustable.
• The sizes of the chain oil
tank and fuel tank have
been chosen so that the
saw will run out of fuel
before running out of oil.
This means that you should
never run with a dry chain.
However, this safety feature
requires that you use the
right sort of chain oil (if the
oil is too thin it will run out
before the fuel), and that
you adjust the carburettor
as recommended (a weak
mixture may mean that the
fuel lasts longer than the
oil). You should also use the
recommended cutting
equipment (a bar that is too
long will use more chain oil).
The above conditions also
apply to models with an
adjustable oil pump.
14– English
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
C Checking chain lubrication
E
Lubricating the clutch drum bearing
• Check the chain lubrication
each time you refuel.
Aim the tip of the saw at a
light coloured surface about
20 cm away. After 1 minute
running at 3/4 throttle you
should see a distinct line of
oil on the light surface.
• Between the engine drive
shaft and the clutch drum is
a needle bearing that must
be lubricated daily. Use the
specially designed grease
gun and a good quality
bearing grease.
F
Checking wear on cutting equipment
Saw chain
If the chain lubrication is not working:
1
Check that the oil channel
in the bar is not
obstructed. Clean if
necessary.
Check the saw chain daily for:
• Visible cracks in rivets and
links.
• Whether the chain is stiff.
• Whether rivets and links are
badly worn.
We recommend you
2
3
Check that the groove in
the edge of the bar is
clean. Clean if necessary.
min 4 mm
(0,16")
compare the existing chain
with a new chain to decide
how badly it is worn.
Check that the bar tip
sprocket turns freely and
that the lubricating hole in
the tip is not blocked.
Clean and lubricate if
necessary.
When the length of the
cutting teeth has worn down
to only 4 mm the chain must
be replaced.
G Chain drive sprocket
If the chain lubrication
system is still not working
after carrying out the
above measures you
should contact your
service agent.
The clutch drum is fitted with one of the following drive
sprockets:
A
SPUR (integral drive
sprocket)
D Lubricating the bar tip sprocket
B
RING (replaceable)
A
B
• Lubricate the bar tip
sprocket each time you
refuel. Use the special
grease gun and a good
quality bearing grease.
Regularly check the
degree of wear on the
drive sprocket. Replace if
wear is excessive.
Replace the drive
sprocket whenever you
replace the chain.
English – 15
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
H Bar
HOW TOAVOID KICKBACK
Kickback can happen very suddenly and
violently; kicking the saw, bar and chain back
at the user. If this happens when the chain is
moving it can cause very serious, even fatal
injuries. It is vital you understand what causes
kickback and that you can avoid it by taking
care and using the right working technique.
!
Check regularly:
• Whether there are burrs on
the edges of the bar.
Remove these with a file if
necessary.
What is kickback?
The word kickback is used to
describe the sudden reaction
that happens when the upper
quadrant of the tip of the bar
(known as the “kickback zone”)
touches an object and the
saw is kicked backwards.
• Whether the groove in the
bar has become badly worn.
Replace the bar if
necessary.
• Whether the tip of the bar is
uneven or badly worn. If a
hollow forms on one side of
the bar tip this is due to a
slack chain.
Kickback always occurs in
the cutting plane of the saw.
Normally the saw and bar are
thrown backwards and
upwards towards the user.
However the saw may move
in a different direction
depending on the way it was
being used when the kickback
zone of the bar touched the
object.
• To prolong the life of the bar
you should turn it over daily.
MOST CHAIN SAW ACCIDENTS HAPPEN
WHEN THE CHAIN TOUCHES THE OPERA-
TOR.
!
Kickback only occurs if the
kickback zone of the bar
touches an object.
•
WEAR PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
(see the section on ”Chain saw safety
equipment”).
•
DO NOT TACKLE ANY JOB YOU ARE UNSURE OF
(see the section on ”Personal protective
equipment”, ”How to avoid kickback”, ”General
working instructions” and ”Cutting equipment”).
•
•
•
AVOID SITUATIONS WHERE THERE IS A RISK OF
KICKBACK (see the section on ”Personal
protective equipment”).
USE THE RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT AND CHECK ITS CONDITION (see
section on ”General working instructions”).
CHECK THAT ALL SAFETY FUNCTIONS ARE
WORKING (see section on ”General working
instructions” and ”General safety precautions”).
16– English
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
6
Take great care when you
cut with the top edge of
the bar, i.e. when cutting
from the underside of the
object. This is known as
cutting on the push
General rules
1
If you understand what kickback is and how it happens then
you can reduce or eliminate the element of surprise. By
being prepared you reduce the risk. Kickback is usually
quite mild, but it can sometimes be very sudden and
violent.
stroke. The chain tries to
push the saw back
towards the user.
2
Always hold the saw
firmly with your right hand
on the rear handle and
your left hand on the front
handle.
Unless the user resists
this pushing force there is
a risk that the saw will
move so far backwards
that only the kickback
zone of the bar is in
Wrap your fingers and
thumb around the hand-
les. You should use this
grip whether you are
right-handed or left-
handed. This grip
minimises the effect of
kickback and lets you
keep the saw under
control.
contact with the tree. This
will cause kickback.
Cutting with the bottom
edge of the bar, i.e. from
the top of the object
downwards, is known as
cutting on the pull stroke.
Do not let go of the
handles!
In this case the saw pulls
itself towards the tree and
the front edge of the saw
provides a natural rest
when cutting. Cutting on
the pull stroke gives you
better control over the
saw and the position of
the kickback zone.
3
Most kickback accidents
happen during limbing.
Make sure you are
standing firmly and that
there is nothing in the way
that might make you trip
or lose your balance.
Lack of concentration can
lead to kickback if the
kickback zone of the bar
accidentally touches a
branch, nearby tree or
some other object.
7
Follow the instructions on sharpening and maintaining your
bar and chain. When you replace the bar and chain use
only combinations that are recommended by us. See the
sections on ”Cutting equipment” and ”Technical data”.
The risk of kickback is increased if you use
the wrong cutting equipment or a chain that is
not sharpened correctly. The wrong
combination of bar and chain can increase the
risk of kickback!
4
Never use the saw above
shoulder height and try
not to cut with the tip of
the bar.
!
Never use the saw one-
handed!
5
Always use a fast cutting speed, i.e. full throttle.
English – 17
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
7
FUEL SAFETY
(Refuelling, fuel mixture, storage.)
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1
Chain saws are designed solely for cutting wood. The only
cutting equipment that can be used with this chain saw are
the combinations of bars and chains recommended in the
”Technical data” section.
Fuel and fuel vapour are highly inflammable.
Take care when handling fuel and chain oil.
Keep away from naked flames and do not
breathe in fuel vapour.
!
2
Never use a chain saw if
you are tired, if you have
drunk alcohol, or if you
are taking medication that
affects your vision, your
judgement or your co-
ordination.
• Never try to refuel the saw
while it is running.
• Make sure there is plenty of
ventilation when refuelling
or mixing fuel (2-stroke
mixture).
3
4
Always wear suitable protective clothing. See the section
on ”Personal protective equipment”.
Never use a chain saw that has been modified in any way
from its original specification.
• Move the saw at least 3 m
from the refuelling point
before starting it.
5
Never use a chain saw
that is faulty. Carry out
the regular checks,
maintenance and service
routines described in this
manual. Some
maintenance and service
measures must be carried
out by trained specialists.
See the section on
Min. 3 m
(10 ft)
• Never start the chainsaw:
a) If you have spilt fuel or
chain oil on the saw.
Wipe off the spill and
allow remaining fuel to
evaporate.
b) If you spill fuel or chain
oil on yourself or your
clothes. Change your
clothes.
”Maintenance”.
c) If there is a fuel leak.
Check regularly for
leaks from the
FUEL CAP and FUEL
LINES.
6
STARTING
Prolonged inhalation of exhaust gases from
the engine, chain lubrication oil mist and/or
saw dust can be unhealthy.
!
• Never start a chain saw
unless the bar, chain and
clutch cover are fitted
correctly. (See section on
”Assembly”).
•
Always store the chain saw and fuel away from any
sources of sparks or naked flames, e.g. machines, electric
motors, relays, switches, boilers, etc.
•
•
Always store fuel in an approved container designed for
that purpose.
• Never start a chain saw
indoors. Exhaust fumes can
be dangerous.
For longer periods of storage or for transport of the saw,
the fuel and chain oil tanks should be emptied. Ask where
you can dispose of waste fuel and chain oil at your local
petrol station.
• Before starting the saw
make sure there are no
people or animals nearby
who might be put at risk.
8
Never use any accessories other than those recommended
in this manual. See the sections on ”Cutting equipment”
and ”Technical data”.
• Place the saw on the
ground and hold the rear
handle down with your right
foot. Grasp the front handle
firmly using your left hand.
Make sure the chain saw is
steady and the chain is not
touching the ground. Then
grasp the starter handle
with your right hand and pull
the starter cord.
The risk of accident is increased if you use the
wrong cutting equipment or a chain that is not
sharpened correctly. Using the wrong combi-
nation of bar and chain can increase the risk
of accidents!
!
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
4
Check the area around
you for possible obstacles
such as roots, rocks,
branches, ditches, etc., in
case you have to move
suddenly. Take great care
when working on sloping
ground.
GENERAL WORKING INSTRUCTIONS
This section describes basic safety rules for
using a chain saw. This information is no
substitute for professional skills and
!
experience. If you get into a situation where
you feel unsafe, stop and seek expert advice
(look under FORESTRY SERVICES in the
telephone directory).
DO NOT ATTEMPT ANY TASK THAT YOU
FEEL UNSURE OF!
Important
1 Before using a chain saw you must understand the effects of
kickback and what causes it. (See the section on ”How to
avoid kickback”.)
5
Take the utmost care
when cutting through
branches or logs that are
in tension. A log or branch
that is in tension can
suddenly spring back into
its natural position before
or after you cut it. If you
stand on the wrong side
or start cutting in the
wrong place it may strike
you or your chain saw.
This could make you lose
control and cause a
2 Before using a saw you must understand the difference
between sawing with the top and bottom edges of the bar.
(See the section on ”How to avoid kickback”.)
1 Basic safety rules
1
Look around you:
• to make sure there are no
people, animals or other
objects nearby that might
affect your work.
• to make sure that none of
the above might come within
reach of your saw or be
injured by falling trees.
serious accident.
6
Before moving your chain
saw switch off the engine
and lock the chain using
the chain brake. Carry the
saw with the bar and
Follow the instructions above, but do not use a chain saw in a
situation where you cannot call for help in case of an accident.
chain pointing backwards.
Fit a guard to the bar
before carrying the saw
any distance.
2
3
Do not use the saw in bad weather, such as dense fog,
heavy rain, strong wind, intense cold, etc. Working in cold
weather is tiring and often brings added risks, such as icy
ground, unpredictable felling direction, etc.
Take great care when removing small branches and avoid
cutting bushes (i.e. cutting many small branches at the
same time). Small branches can be grabbed by the chain
and thrown back at you, causing serious injury.
7
Never put a chain saw
down while the engine is
running unless you have it
in clear view and the
chain brake is on. Switch
the engine off before
leaving your chain saw for
any length of time.
English – 19
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
Two factors decide whether the chain will jam or the log will
split. The first is how the log is supported and the second is
whether it is in tension.
2 Basic cutting technique
General
• Always use full throttle when cutting!
In most cases you can avoid these problems by cutting in two
stages; from the top and from the bottom of the log. You need
to support the log so that it will not trap the chain or split during
cutting.
• Reduce the speed to idle after every cut (running the
engine for too long at full throttle without any load can lead to
serious engine damage).
• Cutting from above = Cutting on the pull stroke.
• Cutting from below = Cutting on the push stroke.
If the chain jams in the cut:
STOP THE ENGINE! Don’t try to pull the saw
free. If you do you may damage the chain
when the saw suddenly breaks free. Use a
!
See the section on ”How to avoid kickback” to find out why
cutting on the push stroke increases the risk of kickback.
lever to open up the cut and free the bar.
Terms:
Cutting
Limbing
=
=
General term for cutting through wood.
Cutting limbs off a felled tree.
The following instructions describe how to handle most types of
situation that you will be faced with when using a chain saw.
Splitting = When the object you are cutting breaks off
before the cut is complete.
Cutting
1
The log is lying on the
ground. There is little risk
of the chain jamming or
the log splitting. However
there is a risk that the
chain will touch the
ground when you finish
the cut.
There are five important factors you should consider
before making a cut:
1
2
3
Make sure the bar will not
jam in the cut.
Cut all the way through
the log from above. Try
not to touch the ground as
you finish the cut.
Maintain full throttle but
be prepared in case the
chain snatches.
Make sure the log will not
split.
A If it is possible to turn
the log you should stop
cutting about 2/3 of the
way through.
Make sure the chain will
not strike the ground or
any other object during or
after cutting.
B Turn the log and finish
the cut from the
opposite side.
4
5
Is there a risk of kick-
back?
Do the conditions and
surrounding terrain affect
your safety when
working?
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
2 The log is supported at one
end. There is a high risk
that it will split.
3 Tree felling technique
It takes a lot of experience to fell a tree.
Inexperienced users of chain saws should not
fell trees. NEVER ATTEMPT A TASK YOU ARE
UNSURE OF.
!
A
Safe distance
A Start by cutting from
below (about 1/3 of the
way through).
The safe distance between a tree that is to be felled and
anyone else working nearby is at least 21/2 tree lengths.
Make sure that no-one else is in this “risk zone” before or during
felling.
B Finish by cutting from
above so that the two
cuts meet.
3 The log is supported at both
ends. There is a high risk
that the chain will jam.
B
Felling direction
The aim is to fell the tree in the best possible position for
subsequent limbing and cross-cutting. You want it to fall on
ground where you can move about safely.
The main point to avoid is
letting the tree fall onto
another tree. It can be both
difficult and dangerous to
remove a tree in such a
position (see point 4 in this
section).
A Start by cutting from
above (about 1/3 of the
way through).
Once you have decided which
way you want the tree to fall
you must judge which way the
tree would fall naturally.
B Finish by cutting from
below so that the two
cuts meet.
Several factors affect this:
Lean of the tree
Bend
Limbing
Wind direction
When limbing thick branches
you should use the same
approach as for cutting.
Cut difficult branches piece by
piece.
Arrangement of branches
Weight of snow
You may find you are forced to let the tree fall in its natural
direction because it is impossible or dangerous to try to make it
fall in the direction you first intended.
Another very important factor, which does not affect the felling
direction but does affect your safety, is to make sure the tree
has no damaged or dead branches that might break off and hit
you during felling.
During critical felling operations, hearing
protectors should be lifted immediately when
sawing is completed so that sounds and
warning signals can be heard.
!
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
C Clearing the trunk and preparing your retreat
FELLING CUT
The felling cut is made from the opposite side of the tree and it
must be perfectly horizontal. Stand on the left side of the tree
and cut with the bottom edge of the bar.
Remove any branches that
are in the way. To do this it is
best to work from the top
down and keep the trunk
between you and the chain
saw. Never limb above
shoulder height.
Make the FELLING CUT
about 3-5 cm (1.5-2 inches)
above the flat section of the
DIRECTIONAL CUT.
Remove any undergrowth
from the base of the tree and
check the area for obstacles
(stones, branches, holes, etc.)
so that you have a clear path
of retreat when the tree starts
to fall. Your path of retreat
should be roughly 135
Set the spike bumper in
behind the breaking strip (if
one is fitted).Use full throttle
and bring the bar and chain
slowly into the tree. Make sure
the tree does not start to
move in the opposite direction
to your intended felling
direction. Drive a WEDGE or
BREAKING BAR into the cut
as soon as it is deep enough.
degrees behind the intended
felling direction.
D Felling
Felling is done using three cuts. First you make the
DIRECTIONAL CUTS, which consist of the TOP CUT and the
BOTTOM CUT; followed by the FELLING CUT. By placing
these cuts correctly you can control the felling direction very
accurately.
Finish the FELLING CUT
parallel with the
DIRECTIONAL CUT LINE so
that the distance between
them is at least at least 1/10
of the trunk diameter. The
uncut section of the trunk is
called the BREAKING STRIP.
DIRECTIONAL CUT
To make the DIRECTIONAL
CUT you begin with the TOP
CUT. Stand to the right of the
tree and cut downwards at an
angle.
The BREAKING STRIP act as
hinges that control the felling
direction of the falling tree.
Next make the BOTTOM CUT
so that it finishes at the end of
the TOP CUT.
All control over the felling
direction is lost if the BREA-
KING STRIP is too narrow or
if the directional cut and felling
cut are badly placed.
The directional cut should run
1/4 of the diameter through
the trunk and the angle
between the TOP CUT and
BOTTOM CUT should be 45°.
When the felling cut and
directional cut are complete
the tree should start to fall
under its own weight or with
the aid of a FELLING WEDGE
or BREAKING BAR.
The line where the two cuts
meet is called the
DIRECTIONAL CUT LINE.
This line should be perfectly
horizontal and at right angles
(90°) to the chosen felling
direction.
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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
We recommend that you use
a bar that is longer than the
diameter of the tree, so that
you can make the FELLING
CUT and DIRECTIONAL CUT
with single cutting stokes.
(See ”Technical data” to find
out which lengths of bar are
recommended for your saw).
4 Freeing a tree that has fallen badly = high
accident risk
A
Freeing a “Trapped tree”
The safest method is to use a winch.
A
Tractor-mounted
B
Portable
There are methods for felling
trees with a diameter larger
than the bar length. However
these methods involve a much
greater risk that the kickback
zone of the bar will come into
contact with the tree.
B
Cutting trees and branches that are in tension
Preparations:
a) Work out which way the tree or branch will move if released
and where the natural “BREAKING POINT” is (i.e. the place
it would break if it was bent even more).
UNLESS YOU HAVE SPECIAL TRAINING WE
ADVISE YOU NOT TO FELL TREES WITH A
DIAMETER LARGER THAN THE BAR LENGTH
OF YOUR SAW!
!
!
E
Limbing
MOST KICKBACK ACCIDENTS HAPPEN
DURING LIMBING!PAY CLOSE ATTENTION
TO THE POSITION OF THE KICKBACK ZONE
OF THE BAR WHEN YOU ARE LIMBING
BRANCHES THAT ARE IN TENSION!
b) Decide which is the SAFEST way to release the tension
and whether YOU are able to do it safely. In complicated
situations the only safe method is to put aside your chain
saw and use a winch.
Make sure there are no
obstacles in your way. Work
on the left side of the trunk.
Work close to the saw for
maximum control. If possible,
let the weight of the saw rest
on the trunk.
General advice:
a) Position yourself so that
you will be clear of the
tree or branch when it
springs free.
Keep the tree between you
and the saw as you move
along the trunk.
b) Make one or more cuts at
or near the BREAKING
POINT. Make as many
cuts of sufficient depth as
necessary to reduce the
tension and make the tree
or branch break at the
BREAKING POINT.
F Cutting the trunk into logs
See chapter ”General working instructions” point 2 ”Basic
cutting technique”.
Never cut straight
through a tree or branch
that is IS in tension!
English – 23
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WHAT IS WHAT?
7
6
5
28
8
24
22
3
4
2
1
12
9
11
10
21
20
13
18
17
14
19
15
16
25
23
26
What is what?
1. Cylinder cover.
15. Saw bar.
16. Bumper.
2. Front handle.
3. Front hand guard.
4. Starter cover.
5. Chain oil tank.
6. Starter handle.
17. Chain catcher. Catches chain if it jumps or breaks.
18. Clutch cover.
19. Right hand guard. Protects right hand if chain breaks or
jumps.
20. Throttle control.
7. Adjuster screw, carburettor.
21. Throttle lock. Prevents accidental operation of throttle
control.
8. Choke control/Start throttle lock.
9. Rear handle.
22. Decompression valve.
23. Combination spanner.
24. Chain tensioning screw.
25. Operator's manual.
10. Stop switch. Ignition on/off switch.
11. Fuel tank.
12. Muffler.
13. Bar tip sprocket.
14. Saw chain.
26. Bar guard.
28. Switch for heated handles (XPG).
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ASSEMBLY
Mounting guide bar and chain
Always wear gloves, when working with the
chain, in order to protect your hands from
injury.
Hold up the tip of the bar and
tighten the chain. The chain is
correctly tensioned when
there is no slack on the
underside of the bar, but it can
still be turned easily by hand.
Hold up the bar tip and tighten
the bar nuts with the
!
Check that the chain brake is
in disengaged position by
moving the front hand guard
towards the front handle.
combination wrench.
When fitting a new chain, the
chain tension has to be
checked frequently until the
chain is run-in. Check the
chain tension regularly. A
correctly tensioned chain
gives good cutting
Take off the bar nuts and
remove the clutch cover. Take
performance and long lifetime.
off the transportation ring (A).
Fitting a spike bumper
To fit a spike bumper –
contact your service agent.
A
Fit the bar over the bar bolts.
Place the bar in its rearmost
position. Place the chain over
the drive sprocket and in the
groove on the bar. Begin on
the top side of the bar. Make
sure that the edges on the
cutting links are facing forward
on the top side of the bar.
Fit the clutch cover and locate
the chain adjuster pin in the
hole on the bar. Check that
the drive links of the chain fit
correctly on the drive sprocket
and that the chain is in the
groove on the bar. Tighten the
bar nuts finger tight.
Tension the chain by using
the combination wrench. Turn
the chain adjuster screw
clockwise. The chain should
be tensioned until it fits snugly
on the underside of the bar.
English – 25
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FUEL HANDLING
Mixing
Fuelmix
• Always mix the petrol and
oil in a clean container
intended for fuel.
IMPORTANT! The chain saw is equipped with a two-stroke
engine and must always been run using a mixture of petrol and
two-stroke engine oil. It is important to accurately measure the
amount of oil to be mixed to ensure that the correct mixture is
obtained. When mixing small amounts of fuel, even small
inaccuracies can drastically affect the ratio of the mixture.
• Always start by filling half
the amount of the petrol to
be used. Then add the
entire amount of oil. Mix
(shake) the fuel mixture.
Add the remaining amount
of petrol.
Always provide for good ventilation when
handling fuel.
!
• Mix (shake) the fuel mixture
thoroughly before filling the
saw’s fuel tank.
Petrol
• Use good quality unleaded
or leaded petrol.
• Do not mix more than
approx. 1 months supply of
fuel.
• The lowest octane
recommended is 90.
• If you run the engine on a
lower octane grade than 90
so-called, knocking can
occur. This gives rise to a
high engine temperature,
which can result in serious
engine damage.
• If the saw is not used for
some time the fuel tank
should be emptied and
cleaned.
• When working with
continuous high revs (e.g.
delimbing) a higher octane
grade is recommended.
Two-stroke oil
• For the best results use HUSQVARNA two-stroke oil, which is
especially developed for chain saws. Mixing ratio 1:50 (2%).
• If HUSQVARNA two-stroke oil is not available, you may use
another two-stroke oil of good quality that is intended for air
cooled engines. Contact your dealer when selecting an oil.
Mixing ratio 1:33 (3%)-1:25 (4%).
Chain oil
• Never use two-stroke oil intended for water cooled outboard
motors, so-called, outboard oil.
• The chain lubrication
system is automatic. Always
use special chain oil with
good adhesive
• Never use oil intended for four-stroke engines.
characteristics.
• In countries where no
special chain oil is available,
EP 90 transmission oil can
be used.
Gasolin
Benzin
Essence
Gasolina
Lit.
Oil • Öl
Huile • Aceite
Lit.
• Never use waste oil. This
results in damage to the oil
pump, the bar and the
chain.
2%(1:50) 3%(1:33) 4%(1:25)
0,10
0,20
0,30
0,40
0,15
0,30
0,45
0,60
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
5
10
15
20
• It is important to use oil of
the right viscosity according
to the air temperature.
US
US
fl. oz.
• In temperatures below 0oC
(32oF) some oils become
too viscous. This can
overload the oil pump and
result in damage to the oil
pump components.
gallon
2%(1:50) 3%(1:33) 4%(1:25)
2 1/2
6 1/2
12 7/8
3 3/4
9 3/4
19 1/4
5 1/8
12 7/8
25 3/4
1
2 1/2
5
• Contact your servicing
dealer when choosing chain
oil.
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FUEL HANDLING
Fuelling
Taking the following precautions, will lessen
the risk of fire.
!
• Do not smoke or place warm objects in the vicinity of
the fuel.
• Always shut off the engine before refuelling.
• Slowly open the fuel cap, when filling fuel, so that
possible overpressure is slowly released.
• Tighten the fuel cap carefully after fuelling.
• Always move the saw from the fuelling area before
starting.
Clean around the fuel cap.
Clean the fuel and chain oil
tanks regularly. The fuel filter
should be changed at least
once a year. Contamination in
the fuel tanks causes
malfunction. Make sure the
fuel is well mixed by shaking
the container before fuelling.
The volume of chain oil and
fuel tanks are adjusted to
each other. Therefore, always
Min 3 m
fill chain oil and fuel at the
same time.
(10ft)
English – 27
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START AND STOP
Start
Start and stop
Grip the front handle with your
left hand and hold the saw
down by putting your right foot
in the rear handle. Pull the
starter handle with your right
hand and pull out the starter
cord slowly until the starter
pawls engage. Then pull
sharply.
WARNING!
!
• Never start the saw engine without the bar, chain and
clutch cover (chain brake) assembled - or else the
clutch can come loose and cause personal injuries.
• Always move the saw away from the fueling area
before starting.
• Place the saw on clear ground and make sure that the
chain is not contacting anything. Also, make sure that
you have a secure footing.
• Keep people and animals well away from the working
area.
Push in the choke control
immediately when the engine
ignites and make repeated
starting attemps. When the
engine starts, rapidly give full
throttle. Then the throttle latch
will disengage.
Cold engine
CHAIN BRAKE:
Disengage the chain brake by
pulling the hand guard
towards the front handle.
CAUTION! Do not release the
starter handle from fully pulled
out position as this can cause
damage on the saw.
IGNITION:
Move the ignition switch to
startposition.
CHOKE:
Set the choke control in choke
position.
FAST IDLE:
Combined choke/fast idle is
received when the choke is
A
Stop
moved to choke position.
The engine is stopped by
switching off the ignition.
(Move the ignition switch to
stopposition.)
If the saw is fitted with a
decompression valve (A):
Press the valve to reduce the
pressure in the cylinder and
make starting easier. Always
use the decompression valve
when starting the saw. Once
the saw has started the valve
will automatically return to its
original setting.
Warm engine
Use the same procedure as
for starting cold engine but
without choke. Fast idle is
recived by first set the choke
control in choke position, and
then back again.
28– English
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MAINTENANCE
turn the jets one turn anti-clockwise. The carburettor is now
set to H = 1 and L = 1.
• Now start the saw according to the starting instructions and
run it warm for 10 minutes.
Carburettor
Functioning, Basic setting, Final setting
NOTE! If the chain rotates the T screw should be turned
anti-clockwise until the chain stops.
WARNING! Do not start the saw without the
bar, chain and clutch cover (chain brake)
!
• Place the saw on a flat surface so that the bar points away
from you and so that the bar and chain do not come into
contact with the surface or other objects.
assembled. If you do, the clutch might come
loose and cause severe injuries.
Low speed needle L
Try to find the highest idling
speed, turning the low speed
needle L clockwise
+ 1/4
Operation
• The carburettor governs the engine speed via the throttle. Air/
fuel are mixed in the carburettor. The air/fuel mixture is
adjustable. To take advantage of the saw’s maximum output
the setting must be correct.
respectively counter-
clockwise. When the highest
speed has been found, turn
the low speed needle L 1/4
• Adjusting the carburettor means the engine is adapted to
local operating conditions, e.g. climate, altitude, petrol and
the type of 2-stroke oil used.
L
turn counter-clockwise.
NOTE! If the chain rotates in
the idling position, turn the idling speed screw counter-
clockwise until the chain stops.
• The carburettor has three
adjustment possibilities:
L = Low speed jet.
H = High speed jet.
T = Adjustment screw for
idling.
Final setting of the idling speed T
Adjust the idling speed with the screw T. If it is necessary to re-
adjust, first turn the idle speed adjusting screw T clockwise, until
the chain starts to rotate. Then turn, counter-clockwise until the
chain stops. A correctly adjusted idle speed setting occurs when
the engine runs smoothly in every position. It should also be
good margin to the rpm when the chain starts to rotate.
• The fuel quantity required in relation to the air flow, provided
by opening the throttle, is adjusted by the L and H-jets. If they
are screwed clockwise the air/fuel ratio becomes leaner (less
fuel) and if they are turned anti-clockwise the ratio becomes
richer (more fuel). A leaner mixture gives a higher engine
speed and a richer mixture give a lower engine speed.
• The T screw regulates the idling speed. If the screw T is
turned clockwise this gives a higher idling speed; anti-
clockwise a lower idling speed.
Contact your servicing dealer, if the idle speed
setting cannot be adjusted so that the chain
stops. Do not use the saw until it has been
properly adjusted or repaired.
!
Basic setting and running in
High speed needle H
The high speed needle H
influences the power of the
saw. A too lean adjusted high
speed needle H (high speed
needle H closed too much)
gives overrevs and damages
the engine. Let the saw run at
full speed for about 10
The carburettor is adjusted to a basic setting when the saw is
tested at the factory.
254XP: The basic setting is: H = 1 1/2 turns respective
L = 1 1/ turns.
257:
The ba4sic setting is: H = 1 turns respective
L = 1 turns.
262XP: The basic setting is: H = 1 turns respective
L = 1 turns.
To provide the engine’s components with a good level of
lubrication (running in) the carburettor should be set for a
richer fuel mixture for the first 3-4 hours of operating. To
obtain this adjust the overspeed 6-700 rpm under the
recommended max. overspeed.
seconds. Thereafter, turn the
high speed needle H 1/4 turn
counter-clockwise.
H
Let the saw run again at full
speed for about 10 seconds and note the difference of the
enginesound. Repeat this procedure with the high speed needle
H turned 1/4 turn more counter-clockwise. The saw has now
been tested with the following settings: H=±0, H=+1/4, H=+1/2
from basic adjustment. At full speed the engine has produced a
different sound for each setting. The high speed needle H is
correctly set when the saw ”4-cycles” a little. If the saw ”whist-
les” the setting is too lean. If there is too much exhaust gas at
the same time as the saw ”4-cycles” much, the setting is too
rich. Turn the high speed needle H until the setting sounds
correct. NOTE! For optimum setting of the carburettor,
contact a qualified servicing dealer who has a revolution
counter at his disposal. The maximum speed
If you do not have the possibility to check the overspeed using a
tachometer the H-jet should not be set for a leaner mixture than
that stated for the basic setting.
The recommended overspeed should not be exceeded.
NOTE! If the chain rotates while idling the T screw should be
adjusted anti-clockwise until it stops.
Fine adjustment
• When the saw has been ”run-in” the carburettor should be
finely adjusted. The fine adjustment should be carried out
by qualified person. First adjust the L-jet, then the idling
screw T and then the H-jet.
recommended must not be exceeded.
The following engine speed applies:
Max. overspeed
254XP: 13.800 rpm
257: 13.500 rpm
Idling speed
2.500 rpm
2.500 rpm
2.500 rpm
Correctly adjusted carburettor
A correctly adjusted carburettor means that the saw accelerates
without hesitation and the saw 4-cycles a little at max speed.
Furthermore, the chain must not rotate at idling. A too lean
adjusted low speed needle L may cause starting difficulties and
bad acceleration.
262XP: 13.500 rpm
Conditions
• Before any adjustments are made the air filter should be
clean and the cylinder cowling fitted. Adjusting the carburettor
while a dirty air filter is in use will result in a leaner mixture
when the filter is finally cleaned. This can give rise to serious
engine damage.
A too lean adjusted high speed needle H gives lower
power=less capacity, bad acceleration and/or damage to the
engine.
A too rich adjustment of the two speed needles L and H gives
acceleration problems or too low working speed.
• Carefully turn the L and H-jets clockwise to the bottom. Now
English – 29
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MAINTENANCE
Tensioning the recoil spring
Starter device
• Lift the starter cord up in the
notch on the starter pulley
and turn the starter pulley 2
turns clockwise.
WARNING!
!
• When the recoil spring is assembled in the starter
housing, it is in tensioned position and can when
treated carelessly, pop out and cause injuries.
• Always be careful, when changing the recoil spring or
the starter cord. Always wear safety goggles for eye
protection.
NOTE! Check that the
starter pulley can be turned
at least half a turn, when the
starter cord is entirely pulled
out.
Changing a broken or worn
starter cord
Changing the broken recoil spring
• Lift the starter pulley. (See
”Changing a broken or worn
starter cord”). The recoil
spring is disassembled from
the starter device, with its
inside facing down. Tap the
starter lightly against a
• Loosen the screws, that
hold the starter device
against the crankcase and
remove the starter device.
working bench or similar.
• Put a new recoil spring in
the right position. If the
spring pops out when
assembling, it should be
mounted again, out and in
towards the centre.
• Pull out the cord approx. 30
cm and lift it up into the
notch in the pulley. Zero-set
the recoil spring by letting
the pulley rotate slowly
backwards. Undo the screw
in the centre of the pulley
and remove the pulley.
• Lubricate the recoil spring
with thin oil. Assemble the
starter pulley, and tension
the recoil spring.
• Insert and fasten a new
starter cord in the pulley.
Wind approx. 3 turns of the
starter cord on to the pulley.
Assemble the starter pulley
against the recoil spring, so
the end of the spring
engages to the pulley. Fit
the screw in the centre of
the pulley. Carry the starter
cord through the hole in the
starter housing and the
starter handle. Make a knot
on the starter cord.
Starter device assembly
• Assemble the starter
device, by pulling the starter
cord out first, then place the
starter against the
crankcase. Then slowly
release the starter cord so
that the pulley engages with
the pawls.
• Assemble and tighten the
screws, which hold the
starter.
30– English
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MAINTENANCE
Air filter
Muffler
The air filter must be regularly cleaned from dust and dirt in
order to avoid:
• Carburettor malfunctions
• Starting problems
• Engine power reduction
• Unnecessary wear on
the engine parts
254, 257
The muffler is designed in
order to reduce the noise level
and to direct the exhaust
gases away from the operator.
The exhaust gases are hot
and can contain sparks, which
may cause fire if directed
against dry and combustible
material. Some mufflers are
equipped with a special
screen. If your saw has this
type of muffler, you should
clean the screen at least once
a week. This is done with a
wire brush.
• Abnormal fuel consumption
Clean the air filter daily or
more often if the air is
exceptionally dusty in the
working area.
• Disassemble the air filter by
removing the cylinder cover
and unscrew the filter.
When reassembling, make
sure that the filter is tight
against the filter holder.
Clean the filter by brushing
or shaking it.
CAUTION! The screen must be replaced, if damaged. The saw
will be overheated, if the screen is clogged. This results in
damage on the cylinder and the piston. Never use a saw with a
clogged or defective muffler.
262
• A more thorough cleaning of
the filter is obtained by
washing it in water and
soap.
Adjustment of the oil pump
An air filter, which is used for
some time, cannot be cleaned
completely. Therefore it must
be replaced by a new one,
with regular intervals.
IMPORTANT! A damaged air
filter must always be
replaced.
The oil pump is adjustable.
Adjustments are made by
turning the screw using a
screwdriver or combination
spanner. The saw is supplied
from the factory set to 1 turn
open. Turning the screw
clockwise will reduce the oil
flow and turning the screw
anti-clockwise will increase
the oil flow.
WARNING! The engine must not be running
when making adjustments.
!
Spark plug
Recommended settings:
Bar 11"-15": 0-2 turns from the closed position.
Bar 15"-18": 2-3 turns from the closed position.
0,5 mm
The spark plug condition is
influenced by:
• An incorrect carburettor
setting.
• Wrong fuel mixture (too
much oil in the gasoline).
• A dirty air filter.
Needle bearing maintenance
The clutch drum is equipped
with one of the following chain
sprockets:
A
These factors cause deposits
on the spark plug electrodes,
which may result in
malfunction and starting
difficulties.
• Spur sprocket (A) (the chain
sprocket is welded on the
drum)
If the engine is low on
• Rim sprocket (B)
(exchangeable)
power, difficult to start or
runs poorly at idling speed,
always check the spark plug
first. If the spark plug is dirty,
clean it and check the electrode gap. Readjust if necessary.
The correct gap is 0.5 mm (.020"). The spark plug should be
replaced after about a month in operation or earlier if the
electrodes are badly eroded.
Both versions have built-in
needle bearing at the drive
shaft, whitch has to be
greased regularly (once a
week).
B
NOTE! Use only high quality
bearing grease.
IMPORTANT! Always use the recommended spark plug type.
An incorrect spark plug can severely damage the piston/
cylinder.
English – 31
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MAINTENANCE
Cooling system
Winter use
During winter time, powder snow and cold weather can cause
running problems, such as:
• Too low engine temperature.
• Icing on the air filter and carburettor.
To obtain the lowest possible running temperature the saw is
equipped with a cooling system.
Therefore some special measures are required:
• Partly reduce the air inlet of the starter and by doing that
increase the engine temperature.
The cooling system
consists of:
5
• Preheat the intake air to the carburettor by removing the
special plug between the cylinder and the carburettor space.
The cylinder cover is made so it can be changed for running in
cold weather. There is a possibility to make a hole in which,
during the warmer part of the year, should be sealed using a
plug.
1. Air intake on the starter
unit.
4
3
2. Air guide plate.
3. Fan blades on the
flywheel.
Temperature 0oC (32oF) or colder
254
4. Cooling fins on the
cylinder.
2
5. Cylinder cowling
(supplies cold air over
the cylinder).
1
Model 254: Turn the cover
lid so that the preheated air
from the cylinder can pass
into the carburettor area
preventing for instance icing
on the air filter.
Clean the cooling system with a brush once a week, more often
in demanding conditions. A dirty or blocked cooling system
results in the saw overheating which causes damage to
piston and cylinder.
Model 257, 262: Move the
cover from position A to
position B so that preheated
air can pass from the
cylinder to the carburettor
space and prevent forma-
tion of ice in the air filter.
NOTE! When the cover is
placed in the air nozzle it is
important that the air nozzle
seals hermetically to the
cylinder cover.
Centrifugal cleaning ”Air Injection”
Centrifugal cleaning means
the following:
All air to the carburettor is
carried through the starter.
Dirt and dust is centrifuged
away by the cooling fan.
IMPORTANT! In order to
keep the function of the
centrifugal cleaning, a
continous maintenance and
care must be made.
Temperature -5oC (23oF) or colder
257, 262
• Clean the air intake to the
starter, the fan wings of the
flywheel, the space around
the flywheel, inlet pipe and
carburettor space.
For running the saw in cold
weather or powder snow, a
special cover is available,
which is mounted on the
starter housing. This
reduces the air flow and
prevents large amounts of
snow from being sucked in.
IMPORTANT! If a special
winter kit is assembled or
measures are taken to
increase the engine
temperature, a readjustment
to normal setting has to be
done when the saw is used
under normal conditions.
Otherwise, there is a risk of
overheating, which can
cause severe engine
Heated handles
On the model XPG both the
front handle and the rear
handle are equipped with
electrical heating coils. These
are supplied with electricity
from a built-in generator in the
electrical system. The switch
for the heating coils is placed
to the right of the rear handle.
When the switch is pushed to
the right, the heat is switched
on. When it is pushed to the
left, the heat is switched off.
damage.
Model 257, 262: When the cover is mounted in position A, it
must be turned with the cut towards the air filter. To make a
proper centrifugal cleaning possible, the air nozzle must seal
hermetically to the crankcase and cylinder cover.
IMPORTANT! Any maintenance other than that described in
this manual must be carried out by your servicing dealer.
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MAINTENANCE
Below you will find some general maintenance instructions.
If you have more questions, contact your servicing dealer.
Weekly maintenance
1. Check that the AV
elements are not soft or
torn.
1
3
Daily maintenance
2. Lubricate the clutch drum
bearing.
1. Check the throttle trigger
for smooth operation. If
any binding occurs, or if
engine fails to return to
idle, the saw should be
2
4
3. File off burrs, if any, on
the sides of the bar.
1
taken to your dealer,
before it is used again.
Also, be sure that the
trigger cannot be pulled
until the throttle trigger
lockout is depressed.
4. Clean the spark plug and
check the gap.
0,5 mm
The correct gap is 0.5 mm
(.020 inch).
2. Clean the chain brake
2
5. Check the starter and the
recoil spring. Clean the
fins on the flywheel.
5
7
and check its function
according to the
instructions. Make sure
that the chain catcher is
undamaged. Otherwise
replace it immediately.
6
8
6. Clean the cooling fins on
the cylinder.
3. Clean or replace the air
filter as necessary. Check
for damage or holes.
3
7. Clean or change the
screen in the muffler.
4
4. The bar should be turned
daily for more even wear.
Check the lubrication hole
in the bar, to be sure it is
not clogged. Clean the
bar groove, if the bar has
a sprocket tip, this should
be lubricated.
8. Clean the carburettor
body and air box.
5
5. Check the function of the
oiler to be sure the bar
and chain receive proper
lubrication.
6
Monthly maintenance
1. Check the brake band on
the chain brake for wear.
6. Sharpen the chain and
check its tension and
condition. Check the drive
sprocket for wear.
1
2. Check the clutch centre,
clutch drum and clutch
spring for wear.
2
Replace if necessary.
7
7. Check the starter and
starter cord for wear or
damage. Clean the air
intake slots on the starter
housing.
8
3. Clean the outside of the
carburettor.
3
4
8. Check for any loose nuts
and screws and retighten
if necessary.
4. Check the fuel filter.
Change if necessary.
9
5
5. Flush the inside off the
fuel tank with gasoline.
9. Test the stop switch to be
sure it shuts off the
engine.
6
6. Flush the inside of the oil
tank with gasoline.
7
7. Check all cables and
connections.
English – 33
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TECHNICAL DATA
254XP 257
254XP 257
Engine
Noise levels
Cylinder volume, cu.in/cm3
Cylinder bore, inch/mm
Stroke, inch/mm
3,3/54
1,77/45
1,34/34
2.700
3,4/57
1,81/46
1,34/34
2.700
Equivalent (see note 1) noise
pressure level at operator’s
ear, measured according to
relevant international
Idle speed, rpm
100
108
99,5
109
Recommended max.
speed, unloaded, rpm
Power, kW
standards, dB(A).
13.800
2,9/9.300
13.800
2,7/9.000
Equivalent (see note) noise
power level, measured
according to relevant interna-
tional standards, dB(A).
Ignition system
Manufacture
Type of ignition system
Spark plug
Electrolux
ET
Champion
RCJ 7Y
.012/0,5
Ducati
ET
Champion
RCJ 7Y
.012/0,5
Vibration levels
(See note 2)
Front handle m/s2
Rear handle m/s2
3,5
5,8
3,0
4,9
Electrode gap, inch/mm
Fuel and lubrication
system
Manufacturer
Carburettor type
Fuel capacity, US pint/litre
Oil pump capacity at 8500 rpm,
ml/min
Oil capacity, US pint/litre
Type of oil pump
Weight
Chain/bar
Standard bar length,
inches/cm
Recommended bar lengths,
inches/cm
Usable cutting length
inches/cm
Walbro
HDA35B
1,2/0,6
Walbro
HDA120
1,2/0,6
15"/38
15"/38
13"/33–20"/51
11-19"/
13"/33–20"/51
11-19"/
6,5-13,5
0,6/0,3
Automatic
6,5-13,5
0,6/0,3
Automatic
30-49
30-49
Chain speed at max.
power, m/sec
17,3
17,3
Without bar and chain, Lbs/kg
11,9/5,4
12,3/5,6
.325"/ 3/8
.058/1,5
7
.325"/ 3/8
.058/1,5
7
Pitch, inches
Thickness of drive link, inch/
mm
Number of teeth on drive
sprocket
Bar and chain combinations
The following combinations are CE approved.
Bar
Chain
Length, Pitch,
Max.
inches
inches
tip radius
Note 1: Equivalent noise level is, according to ISO 7182 and
ISO 9207, calculated as the time-weighted energy total for
noise levels under various working conditions with the following
time distribution: 1/3 idle, 1/3 full load, 1/3 full speed.
13
15
16
18
.325
.325
.325
.325
10T
10T
10T
10T
Husqvarna H25
Husqvarna H25
Husqvarna H25
Husqvarna H25
Note 2: Equivalent vibration level is, according to ISO 7505,
calculated as the time-weighted energy total for vibration levels
under various working conditions with the following time
distribution: 1/3 idle, 1/3 full load, 1/3 full speed.
13
15
16
18
.325
.325
.325
.325
10T
10T
10T
10T
Husqvarna H21
Husqvarna H21
Husqvarna H21
Husqvarna H21
16
18
20
3/8
3/8
3/8
11T
11T
11T
Husqvarna H42
Husqvarna H42
Husqvarna H42
L
1
5
Type
Inch
Inch/mm
Inch/mm
3/16" /4,8
Degree°
Degree°
30°
Degree°
10°
Inch/mm
Inch/cm: dl
H25
H21
.325"
.058"/1,5
.058"/1,5
85°
60°
.025"/0,65
13"/33:56 15/38:64
18/46:72
H42
3/8"
7/32" /5,5
25°
10°
.025"/0,65
18"/46:68
20/50:72
´*2t@¶6>¨
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TECHNICAL DATA
262XP
262XP
Engine
Noise levels
Cylinder volume, cu.in/cm3
Cylinder bore, inch/mm
Stroke, inch/mm
3,8/62
1,89/48
1,34/34
2.700
Equivalent (see note 1) noise
pressure level at operator’s
ear, measured according to
relevant international
Idle speed, rpm
100
109
Recommended max.
speed, unloaded, rpm
Power, kW
standards, dB(A).
13.500
3,4/9.600
Equivalent (see note) noise
power level, measured
according to relevant interna-
tional standards, dB(A).
Ignition system
Manufacture
Ducati
Vibration levels
(See note 2)
Type of ignition system
Spark plug
ET
Champion
RCJ 7Y
.012/0,5
Front handle m/s2
Rear handle m/s2
3,3
5,4
Electrode gap, inch/mm
Fuel and lubrication
system
Manufacturer
Carburettor type
Fuel capacity, US pint/litre
Oil pump capacity at 8500 rpm,
ml/min
Oil capacity, US pint/litre
Type of oil pump
Weight
Chain/bar
Standard bar length,
inches/cm
Recommended bar lengths,
inches/cm
Usable cutting length
inches/cm
Walbro
HDA120
1,2/0,6
15"/38
13"/33–20"/51
11-19"/
30-49
6,5-13,5
0,6/0,3
Automatic
Chain speed at max.
power, m/sec
18,5
Without bar and chain, Lbs/kg
12,7/5,8
Pitch, inches
Thickness of drive link, inch/
mm
Number of teeth on drive
sprocket
.325"/ 3/8
.058/1,5
7
Bar and chain combinations
The following combinations are CE approved.
Bar
Chain
Length, Pitch,
Max.
inches
inches
tip radius
Note 1: Equivalent noise level is, according to ISO 7182 and
ISO 9207, calculated as the time-weighted energy total for
noise levels under various working conditions with the following
time distribution: 1/3 idle, 1/3 full load, 1/3 full speed.
13
15
16
18
.325
.325
.325
.325
10T
10T
10T
10T
Husqvarna H25
Husqvarna H25
Husqvarna H25
Husqvarna H25
Note 2: Equivalent vibration level is, according to ISO 7505,
calculated as the time-weighted energy total for vibration levels
under various working conditions with the following time
distribution: 1/3 idle, 1/3 full load, 1/3 full speed.
13
15
16
18
.325
.325
.325
.325
10T
10T
10T
10T
Husqvarna H21
Husqvarna H21
Husqvarna H21
Husqvarna H21
16
18
20
3/8
3/8
3/8
11T
11T
11T
Husqvarna H42
Husqvarna H42
Husqvarna H42
L
1
5
Type
Inch
Inch/mm
Inch/mm
3/16" /4,8
Degree°
Degree°
30°
Degree°
10°
Inch/mm
Inch/cm: dl
H25
H21
.325"
.058"/1,5
.058"/1,5
85°
60°
.025"/0,65
13"/33:56 15/38:64
18/46:72
H42
3/8"
7/32" /5,5
25°
10°
.025"/0,65
18"/46:68
20/50:72
English – 35
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